perkins3012發動機潤滑系統的原理與維修保養技術參數資料

Lubrication system
潤滑系統
General description
通用描述
Refer to the illustration (A) on page 138 which shows
參考圖2（a）對138頁這節目
an early engine.
早期的發動機。
The lubrication system is of the wet sump type. It has
在潤滑系統結冰的沼澤濕型。它具有
a lubricating oil pump (A11) of the spur gear ty pe
A潤滑油泵（A11）的正齒輪類型
which is driven by a helical gear. The drive for the
這是一個螺旋齒輪驅動。“驅動器”
pump is supplied through an idler gear from a gear on
冰supplied泵齒輪從動輪通過從一個齒輪通
the front of the crankshaft.
在曲軸的前端。
The oil flows through a suction pipe, of the bobbin
《油流通A吸管的保護柱，
type, directly from a strainer (A7) in the sump well and
式，直接從一個strainer（A7）在沼澤和阱
is s upplied under pressure through the complete
upplied冰的壓力下通過的。
sys tem.
SYS TEM。
New engines have a different type of suction pipe
新的發動機有一個不同類型的吸管
which has an integral strainer. The suction pipe is
這有個strainer積分。《冰吸管
fastened to a support bracket by a clip.
fastened兩市A A支持支架夾。
The oil passes from the pump to the heat exchanger
《保養油從泵的兩個熱交換器
(oil to coolant) (A8), which is fitted on the ’B’ bank side
（二coolant油）（A8），這是基于在“B”的銀行頁面
of the crankcase. From the heat exchanger the oil
crankcase同行。從熱交換器的油
passes through three, full flow, filter canisters (A9),
式三通，全流過濾canisters（A9）
which are of the screw-on type and are fitted directly
這是在螺桿式和直接式是基于
to the base of the heat exchanger. The oil then flows
兩個基地的熱交換器。然后，在油流
into the main oil gallery (A6).
到美術館的主油泵（A6）。
Small holes from the main oil gallery supply oil to each
小切口從主油泵送油每兩個美術館
of the main bearings and, through the main bearings,
在主軸承和軸承時，通的主，
to the crankshaft reservoirs. The main oil gallery also
曲軸兩個水庫。美術館也在主油泵
supplies oil to the axles of the idler gears, and to the
該油田的兩個從動輪軸速和兩個
auxiliary gallery (A5) in each bank of cylinders. The
輔助美術館（A5）在每個汽缸的銀行。《
auxiliary galleries then supply oil to the camshaft
然后用galleries camshaft供應石油。
bearings and, through restriction bobbins or sleev es,
軸承和限制，通線軸或套管，
to the rocker shafts, rocker assemblies and valves.
兩個搖臂軸、搖臂和氣門組件。
The oil drains into pockets in the crankcase under
《石油drains到口袋里的crankcase下
each camshaft to lubricate the lobes of the cams.
每個camshaft兩lubricate《lobes的凸輪。
The big end bearings of the connecting rods are
大的比純的連接桿。
supplied with oil from the crankshaft reservoirs
supplied與曲軸油從水庫
through small holes drilled in the crank pins. A hole
drilled小通孔的曲柄銷。一個孔
bored axially in each connecting rod supplies its small
無聊的時候在每個軸的連桿，其小用品
end bearing.
含比。
Piston cooling jet assemblies (A12) are fitted between
活塞冷卻噴嘴組件（12）是基于。
the main bearings. They supply oil to cool the
在主軸承。他們兩個很酷的石油供應
underside of each piston.
每個活塞底部。

Oil is s upplied to the bearings of the ’A’ bank

turbocharger, to the fuel injection pump (A3) and to

the governor (A2) through a pipe from the heat

exchanger, or mounting adaptor for early engines.

Another pipe from the same position supplies oil to

the ’B’ bank turbocharger.  Drain pipes return the oil

from the fuel injection pump (A4), from the governor

(A1) and from each turbocharger to the crankcase

and the sump.

The heat exchanger consists of a single tube stack in

a casing of aluminium alloy .  On early engines, it is

fitted to a mounting adaptor on the ’B’ bank side of the

crankcase.

New engines have a single piece heat exchanger

which is mounted directly on the c rankcase.

The coolant flows through the tubes ; the lubricating oil

passes over the outside of the tubes and the direction

of flow is controlled by a series of baffles to obtain the

maximum reduction of temperature. On early

engines, the relief valve (A10) is fitted in a housing at

the front end of the mounting adaptor.  It has an

arrangement of a plunger and spring and allows

excessive oil to return to the sump when the pressure

exceeds 414 kN/m  (60 lbf/in ).

A warning switch for the oil pressure is also fitted to

the mounting adaptor.

On new engines, the relief valve is fitted in a housing

at the end of the single piece heat exchanger at the

flywheel end.  The warning switch is fitted to an elbow

between the heat exchanger and the main oil gallery.

The oil filler consists of a flanged pipe with a filler cap.

It is fitted over the ’A’ bank side of the sump well.

The dipstick is held in a tube next to the oil filler and

consists of a flat steel blade which is bent to provide

clearance from the tube wall. Notches are machined

in the blade to indicate the maximum and minimum

permissible levels for the lubricating oil.

帕金斯柴油發動機柴油發電機組早期發動機潤滑油底殼

It is recommended that this operation is

If there is enough clearance below the engine, the

sump may be removed while the engine is connected

to its driven unit.  It is important to conform to the

normal safety precautions, such as to disconnect the

circuit of the starter motor.

1  Remov e the drain plug of the sump and drain the

oil into a suitable container.  Fit the drain plug and

tighten it to the correct torque.

2 Remove the bolts and the washers which retain the

sump to the sump adaptor, and lower carefully the

sump. Remove the bobbin which is fitted between the

suction side of the lubricating oil pump and the base

of the sump.  Remove and dis card the sump joint.

To fit

1  Make locally two suitable guide studs and fit them

to the sump adaptor. Put a new joint on the joint face

of the sump, with the bolt holes correctly aligned.

2  Renew the ’O’ rings on the bobbin which is fitted

between the suction side of the lubricating oil pump

and the base of the sump.

3  Lubricate the new ’O’ rings with clean engine

lubricating oil, fit the suction pipe into its location in the

sump and lift the sump up to the sump adaptor.

Ensure that the suction pipe remains in its correct

position and enters the inlet of the lubricating oil pump

during the operation.

4  Fit the bolts, which retain the sump, complete with

the plain washers and the new spring washers, and

tighten them to a torque of 55 Nm (40 lbf ft).

To clean and inspect                    19-2

1  Clean thoroughly the sump with kerosene and dry

with compressed air. Check that the oil strainer is free

from sediment and is undamaged.  Inspect the sump

for cracks or other damage and remove any of the

material of the old joint which remains on the sump

and the sump adaptor.

done with the engine fitted in a build stand.

To remove

1  Remov e the lubricating oil sump, operation 19-1.

2 Remove the blanking plug of the oil gallery from the

’B’ bank side of the sump adaptor and withdraw the

bobbin from the discharge side of the lubricating oil

pump.

3  Remov e all the bolts which secure the sump

adaptor to the crankcase and to the timing case and

remove the sump adaptor.

Caution: Unless the timing case is also to be

removed, use care during the removal of the sump

adaptor from the timing case to prevent damage to

the joint.  If this is not possible, remove all of the

section of the joint which can be seen and clean the

joint face.

To fit

Caution: A new joint for the joint faces of the

crankcase and the sump adaptor has a strip which

connects the sides and prevents damage to the joint

while it is in storage.  Before the joint is fitted to the

joint fac e, cut away the strip between the two sides at

the end of the joint which is next to the timing case.

Do not cut into the two sides of the joint, which must

extend to the joint of the timing case.

1  If the fan adaptor has been fitted to the crankcase

with a new joint, cut away carefully the protrusions at

the two ends of the joint until the ends are aligned

precisely with the joint faces of the crankcase.

2  For early engines, if the area of the joint between

the sump adaptor and the timing cas e is to be

renewed, cut the section from a new joint. Ens ure that

there is full contact with the remainder of the original

joint.  The joint may be held in position with a single,

and very small, application of grease between each

bolt hole.

3 Apply Hylomar PL 32 sealant along the two corners

where the joints are in contact and also at the two

places where the joint between the fan adaptor and

the crankcase is seen.

4 Check that the two spring type dowels are fitted and

put the new joint on the joint face of the crankcase.

Ensure that all the bolt holes are aligned correctly.

Ensure also that the ends of the joint make full contact

with the joint of the timing case. The joint may be held

in position with a single, and very  small, application of

grease between each bolt hole. Apply Hylomar PL 32

sealant along the two corners where the joints are in

contact.

Caution: It is important that this procedure is done

correctly to prevent leakage of the oil during the

operation of the engine. Ensure that the joint between

the sump adaptor and the timing c ase remains in its

position and is not damaged when the sump adaptor

is fitted.

5  Fit carefully the sump adaptor.

6 Fit loosely the 14 bolts with plain washers and new

spring washers into eac h side of the flange of the

sump adaptor, and the four bolts with plain washers

and new spring washers into the front edge of the

flange.

Caution: If the timing case is not yet fitted, refer to

operation 19-5 (to fit), paragraph 5.

7 Fit the five bolts, with plain washers and new spring

washers, through the bolt holes in the lower edge of

the timing case flange.  Tighten lightly the bolts.

8  Start with the four bolts nearest to the corners

where the joints are in contact and tighten, evenly and

gradually, all the bolts which retain the sump adaptor.

Tighten the bolts to 55 Nm (40 lbf ft).

9  Fit new ’O’ rings into the grooves of the bobbin

which is fitted to the discharge side of the lubricating

oil pump. Apply a suitable quantity of clean engine oil

to the ’O’ rings and insert the bobbin into the outlet of

the lubricating oil pump through the opening in the

sump adaptor.  Ensure that the small holes which are

drilled ac ross the bobbin are inside the oil gallery of

the sump adaptor.

10  Fit a new ’O’ ring around the spigot on the plug

which closes the oil gallery. Insert the plug and retain

it with two bolts, complete with plain washers and

spring washers.  Tighten securely the bolts.

11  Fit the lubricating oil sump, operation 19-1.

1  Clean thoroughly the sump adaptor with kerosene

and dry with compressed air.  Inspect for cracks or

other damage and remove all of the material of the old

joints which remains on the sump adaptor and the

crankcase.

Single piece lubricating oil sump

To remove and to fit                   

To remove

If there is enough clearance below the engine, the

sump may be removed while the engine is connected

to its driven unit.  It may be an advantage to remove

also the filler assembly.  It is important to conform to

the normal safety precautions, such as to disconnect

the circuit of the starter motor.

1  Remove the drain plug of the sump and drain the

oil into a suitable container; replace the drain plug and

apply only the correct torque of 47 Nm (35 lbf ft) to

tighten it.

2  Remove the elbow connection and the joint from

the ’B’ bank side of the sump and withdraw the bobbin

from the discharge side of the lubricating oil pump.

Remove the short bobbin which is the connection to

the heat exchanger.

3  Remove the bolts and the spring washers  which

secure the sump to the crankcase and to the timing

case, and lower carefully the sump.  Remove the

shorter bobbin which returns oil from the relief valve

to the sump.

Caution: Unless the timing case is also to be

removed, use care during the removal of the sump to

prevent damage to the common joint.  If this is not

possible, remove all of the section of the joint which

can be seen and clean the joint faces .

To fit

1  Fit the new joint as for the sump adaptor, see

operation 19-3 paragraphs 1 to 4.

Caution: It is important that this procedure is done

correc tly  to prevent leakage of the oil during the

operation of the engine. Ensure that the joint between

the sump and the timing case remains in its position

and is not damaged when the sump is fitted.

2  Fit new ’O’ rings to the small bobbin which returns

oil from the heat exchanger to the sump, lubricate

them with clean engine lubricating oil and fit the

bobbin to the sump.

3  Lift up the sump to the c rankcase and ensure that

the small bobbin engages correctly with the inlet in the

heat exchanger.  Ensure also that the sump does not

hit the assembly of the suction pipe and the strainer.

Two long M10 bolts may be used as hand grips to lift

the sump to the correct position when the engine is

inverted in a build stand. The bolts are inserted in the

tapped holes which retain the coolant crossover pipe

below the sump.

4 Fit loosely the 14 bolts and new spring washers  into

each side of the flange of the sump and the four bolts

and new spring washers into the front edge of the

flange.

5 If the timing case is not yet fitted, measure the s tep

between the joint faces of the c rankcase and the

sump (or the sump adaptor if relevant) on both the ’A’

and the ’B’ bank sides of the engine The step must be

less than 0,1 mm (0.004 in) on each side.  If the step

is more, the position of the sump (or sump adaptor)

must be adjusted.

6 Fit the five bolts, with new spring washers, through

the bolt holes in the lower edge of the timing case

flange.  Tighten lightly the bolts.

7  Start with the four bolts nearest to the corners

where the joints are in contact and tighten, evenly and

gradually, all the bolts which retain the sump. Tighten

the bolts to 55 Nm (40 lbf ft).

Caution: For new engines only which have the

steel joint CV14584 between the timing case and the

crankcase/sump face, the five bolts which fasten the

timing case to the sump are of a higher tensile

strength and must be tightened evenly and gradually

to 75 Nm (55 lbf ft).

 

8 Fit new ’O’ rings to the grooves of the bobbin which

is fitted to the discharge side of the lubricating oil

pump, lubricate them with clean engine lubricating oil

and fit the bobbin.  Fit new ’O’ rings to the smaller

bobbin, which is the connection to the heat

exchanger, lubricate them with clean engine

lubricating oil and fit the bobbin into the elbow

connection. Fit the assembly of the elbow connection

and a new joint to the ’B’ bank side of the sump with

three bolts and new spring washers.

9  If relevant, fit the filler assembly to the sump,

complete with a new gasket.

To clean and inspect 

1  Clean thoroughly the sump with kerosene and dry

with compressed air.  Inspect the sump for cracks or

other damage and remove all of the material of the old

joints which remains on the joint fac es.  Check that

the strainer on the suction pipe of the lubricating oil

pump is free from sediment and is undamaged, and

that the assembly of the suction pipe and its support

bracket is  secure.